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Typhoon Dujuan (2003)
Typhoon Dujuan, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Onyok, was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike the Pearl River delta since Typhoon Hope in 1979. The 13th storm and 7th typhoon of the 2003 Pacific typhoon season, Dujuan developed on August 27 to the east of Taiwan. It initially moved to the northwest, slowly intensifying into a tropical storm while drawing moisture and rainfall over the Philippines. On the island of Luzon, one person was killed and areas were flooded. Dujuan quickly intensified after turning and moving quicker to the west-northwest, developing an eye. It reached peak winds of 150 km/h (90 mph) on September 1, and shortly thereafter passed just south of Taiwan. There, Dujuan left 590,000 people without power, killed three, and caused NT$200 million (NWD, $115 million USD) in crop damage. While moving through the South China Sea, the typhoon developed concentric eyewalls. Dujuan weakened to severe tropical storm status before making landfall on September 2 in southern China, just east of Hong Kong near Shenzhen, Guangdong. The storm dissipated the next day after causing 40 deaths and ¥2.3 billion (CNY, $277 million USD) in damage. Most of the deaths were in Shenzhen where the storm moved ashore, and the city experienced a near-total power outage.
==Meteorological history==
On August 25, an area of convection persisted on satellite imagery on August 25. The thunderstorms pulsed and became better organized by August 27. That day, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) estimated that a tropical depression formed southeast of the Japanese island of Okinotorishima,〔 or about 520 km (325 mi) northwest of Guam. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also estimated a tropical cyclone formed on August 27. With a ridge to the north, the depression tracked slowly to the southwest. The system gradually organized while developing improved outflow to the south, although a tropical upper tropospheric trough to the north caused wind shear.〔 On August 29, the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Dujuan,〔 although the JTWC had upgraded a day prior.〔 That day, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) began issuing advisories as the storm approached the region, naming it Onyok.〔
Shortly after it was named, Dujuan quickly intensified after an upper level low to the northwest improved outflow to the north.〔 On August 30, the ridge to the north built eastward, causing the storm to slow and turn more to the northwest.〔 That day, an eye developed in center,〔 and the JMA upgraded Dujuan to typhoon status. Subsequently, the typhoon accelerated to the west-northwest and later to the west. On September 1, the JMA estimated Dujuan attained peak 10–minute sustained winds of 150 km/h (90 mph).〔 Around the same time, the JTWC assessed peak 1–minute winds of 230 km/h (145 mph), making it the equivalent of a Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale. While near peak intensity, the center of Dujuan passed about 45 km (30 mi) south of the southern tip of Taiwan.〔 While moving westward through the South China Sea, the typhoon weakened slightly after its peak intensity due to an eyewall replacement cycle.〔 Radar from the Hong Kong Observatory indicated an inner eye about 20 km (12 mi) in diameter, and an outer eye about 100 km (60 mi) in diameter.〔 At around 1200 UTC on September 2, Dujuan made landfall just east of Hong Kong,〔 near Shenzhen.〔 The JMA estimated the typhoon had weakened into a severe tropical storm by the time of landfall,〔 while the JTWC estimated winds of 185 km/h (115 mph).〔 It was considered the strongest typhoon to strike the Pearl River Delta since Typhoon Hope in 1979. Dujuan rapidly weakened while continuing westward through China, dissipating on September 3 over Guangxi.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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